Every Organization that has something to sell to a target public will certainly think about publicity. This requires promoting their product by educating and creating awareness about the product and its unique value proposition. However, there are problems which these organizations equally face in the course of getting a product promotion done. This marketing project topic and research material takes a deep dive into what these problems are.

What is product promotion?
Product promotion technically is about creating awareness about a new product or service to a target audience. This is done through education, entertainment, influencers, advertisement, public relations and the likes. Promotion is a component of the marketing mix that seeks to understand how the target consumers feel about the product.

The Marketing Mix
There are 4ps in the marketing mix and they include and it sketches the four significant stages business will most likely take when marketing a product or services:-

Product
Price
Place
Promotion

Product
In the early marketing stage, some questions about the product need to be raised; and it includes - who needs the product? Why do they need the product, what does the product do differently from others? Is it new? If not  , what new qualities is it introducing in the market?

Price
At this level, lots of consideration has to come when fixing the product's price or charges. Businesses may consider, how much consumers are willing to pay, what does price mean to the product ( exclusive, value, class etc.)

Place
At this point, doing research about the demography of the users and this will help marketers know who the products are really for and where they can find them.

Promotion
At this stage of marketing, the business is on its way to broadcast its product or service to the target consumer presenting reasons why they need the products. Measures deployed to do this included advertising, public relations, corporate social responsibility,  and more.

Back to business
Having established this basic  knowledge, the business of this marketing project topic is about promotion. The project topic systemically studies  problems faced by organizations in promoting their products. See Editors source for the complete document

Year after year, governments across the globe make budgetary plans for public expenditures, income, debt, and financial allocations to the local, state and federal government. The good news is, these financial allocations are utilized duly. But the bad news is, despite the huge amount spent on these infrastructures, there are reported cases of poor maintenance culture or lack of it.

The main objective of this public administration project topic is to do an analysis of the maintenance culture and why the research outcome is so. Moving forward, let us consider what some of these public infrastructure are and possible factors that can influence their maintenance.


As the spotlight revealed earlier, we have several cases in Nigeria at the local,  state and federal levels, where government based projects have been left uncompleted and in some cases completed but seem left without maintenance. They range from buildings, schools, roads,  railways, refineries, water system, drainage system, electricity transmission channel, post offices, government owned telephone line and what have you.

While this public administration project topic analyses the maintenance culture on public infrastructure, let us quickly consider factors that influence the maintenance culture.

Financing
When there is minimal budget for public infrastructure maintenance, or lack of it, chances are that the maintenance culture will suffer.

Change of government tenure
Poor continuity culture among public officials also influences maintenance culture of public infrastructure. For example, if a previous government builds a water system for Kaduna residents for example, the subsequent government is expected to maintain that project. Just as we see in some cases, a new government goes ahead to start a fresh one when the old one has not received enough attention in terms of maintenance.

Other factors include;
Corruption, poor supervision, political interest, poor attitude towards maintenance or lack of it, poor continuity policy, cost of maintenance and lots more.

This is a very interesting project topic to explore, see source to access the full project.

Key Variables
Sustainable land management practices
Climate change adaptation

In this agricultural science project topic, issues regarding sustainable land management practices for climate change adaptation is technically evaluated. Talking about climate change, it influence land and natural resources. There has been records of climate change exposing land to unfavorable conditions and reducing the ability to use land for desired practices.

What is Climate Change?
Ads defined by the United Nations, climate change is a shift in temperatures and weather patterns which may be caused by natural solar variations. However, they also suggest that the era of the industrial revolution since the 19th century fostered the effect of climate change. According to them, activities such as fossil fuel burning causes green house effects by trapping the Sun’s heat and raising temperature.

What is Climate Change Adaptation?
Climate change adaptation is the process of adjusting to current effect of climate change while also mitigation its effect.

What is Sustainable Land Management?
By sustainable land management, it refers to activities towards minimizing land degradation, land rehabilitation an ensuring optimal use of land and its resources.

How climate change affects land management practices.
Climate change affects land management practices in so many different ways, some which includes:-
Influence on soil fertility
Water resources and biomass accumulation
Loss of biodiversity
Vegetation degradation
Organic matter depletion
Poor infiltration of rain water
Reduced soil capacity
Reduced soil productivity

Evaluation of Farmers use of Sustainable land management practices for climate change adaptation
In a 2011 study by the Rural linkage Network, over 89% of Farmers in the Niger delta region of Nigeria suffer land degradation and low farm output due to heavy rainfall patterns.

While other instances in other part of the world lies, this agricultural science project topic is specifically concerned about farmers use of sustainable land management practices available to them for climate change adaptation.

Editor's source

Primary health care centers are pillars of a sustainable health system of any society. Quality health care facilities can really cost a fortune. If we should count, an average family can go short of funds if they spent 10% of their household funds. But here we are primary health care facilities providing more accessible, affordable, quick response and more personal health care services to its immediate environment. However there are determinants of primary health care utilization, which we may not be aware exist. So this health education project topic spotlights this issue in detail in a research work. But what is in primary health care services, let us find out.

What is a primary health care center?
As defined by the World Health Organization and UNICEF, Primary health care center is a whole of society approach to health that aims at ensuring the highest possible level and well being and their equitable distribution by focusing on people’s health need as soon as possible along to promote health and disease prevention, care, treatment, rehabilitation, palliative, and close to the people’s environment.

Primary health centers have proven to be an immediate health care center for many societies while also cutting down the cost of quality health care. Statistics from the WHO shows that establishing primary health care centers across the low and middle income countries could save over 60million lives and be capable of increasing life expectancy by 3.7years.

Why primary health care centers are established
Among other things, primary healthcare centers serves as
Pillars to the sustainable healthcare systems
They very equitable
Very accessible to remote communities
They are closer to the people and very proactive in detecting early signs of a pandemic or health crisis.
They are very accountable
They offer an effective method of physical and emotional well being including heart to heart talk in the people’s native languages.
Primary health care centers are inclusive in their services.


To take us further into the determinants of primary health center utilization, please refer to the editor's source.

Security is at the apex of human's hierarchy of needs and as such very necessary. At the same time, our daily activities make us vulnerable to insecurity. In this sociology project topic, our attention is drawn to developing Security awareness programmes in Nigeria and its implication on safety. This is in response to the prevailing security issues inherent in our daily activities including the use of the internet.

The virtual world that the Internet creates permits interactivity; it beats time and space. This means that people could easily connect, talk, do business together, learn, earn, and disagree without ever having a physical contact. Whereas this development is very welcome, one of its shortcomings is the vulnerability that comes with connectivity.

Taking back to the sociology project topic, security awareness have not been done enough in this regard. Let's call your attention very quickly to this. When was the last time you read a website's security and privacy policy? Ever read through a security and privacy policy of a website before clicking the "I agree" button? Your answer should determine how security conscious you have been.

Successful online businesses adopt the Internet to facilitate their business needs. One of those is user data which helps a business to secure its users and in the interest of the business as well.   
However the internet creates room for baseless trust and also allows scam businesses to adopt the same method to accumulate users' data. As such users share their private and sometimes sensitive personal information to such sources including the illegitimate businesses.

To curb this situation, programmes such as security awareness programmes can be organised to sensitize participants on the need to be cautious with data sharing over the Internet.

That being established, this sociology project topic provides adequate guidelines on developing security awareness programmes while also providing its implication on safety. see source below for full paper work.

Editor's source

Accounting is one of the earliest human professions as it shares close ties with businesses. People keep a record of their daily dealings. Fast forward to these days of internet communication technology, the accounting sector is one to be highly reckoned with. On this note, this accounting project topic discusses very intensely, the impact of Internet communication technology on the profession.

How accounting was before the information age.
Accounting was initially tagged bookkeeping. This is because sales records are written in books as well as business inventories. The old bookkeeping method was devoid of technical errors which could result  or slow down in function.The old accounting method created lots of job opportunities for graduates of accounting and Secretaries. However it didn't leave as much efficiency and effectiveness for the bookkeepers.

The old accounting method  was very tedious and tasking. This is because accountants have to do pen and paper documentation of their records, this is very tasking.

Secondly, the old accounting method is prone to lots of human error which makes accuracy mostly unattainable especially for large business enterprises.

Accounting profession and the internet communication technology.
The evolution of the internet communication technology has changed the human approach towards accounting, apart from making accounting and records keeping a lot easier, it has promoted efficiency and effectiveness.

Without much ado, here are a few ways internet communication technology has impacted the accounting profession.

It makes record keeping efficiency and effective
It hold records together in a unified database rather than piles of documents
Easy record tracking
It helps customer service delivery
It helps to establish great customer relationships
It allows for computerized accounting
It has created a new career curve for accountants and Secretaries so much that new skills are required to practice the profession

However, the downsides of the internet communication technology in the accounting profession cannot be denied. The cases of system manipulation, human input-error, system redundancy,  network issues and the likes culminate in associated downsides of the use of ICT in the accounting profession.

Editor's Source

Agriculture is a major part of human existence. The food products we consume on a daily basis are all proceeds from agricultural activities. A world without agriculture is a world without food. Likewise, agriculture is equally a major part of an economy. This is because it informs the level of food production and allocation. It also determines what food is produced in excess and which is lacking, which food to import and which to export. Being a large topic to consider, this agricultural science project topic intends to ascertain the role of financial institutions in agricultural development.

The role of agriculture in economic development

Agriculture play significant roles in a economy and that includes:
To increase food supply for domestic consumption
Increase supply of domestic savings
To promote international trades
To increase job opportunities

Now the role of financial institution in agricultural development should not be overemphasized, and while this research project topic does justice to it, let us look at issues that results to poor performance in the agricultural sector.

They include:-

Lack of funds
Inadequate supply and use of quality farm inputs
Economic policy
Land constraints
Poor harvest technology
Poor storage facility
Paste and diseases
Environmental pollution
Lack of labor
Low adoption rate
Bad roads and lots more

So far, we have seen farmers join cooperatives to help themselves and to improve their turnover. Some take loans from financial institutions to scale their farming. But it looks like farmers, especially commercial ones, will need incentives from financial institutions to enhance their production scale. And that may include;
Establishment of agricultural cooperative banks
Issuing loans to farmers
Issuing loans to farmers cooperatives
Establishment of agricultural agencies that will protect farmers interest in the face of the government and financial institutions.

For further reading, see editor's source for detailed research work

Editor's source

The mass media exerts a large reach of influence on their mass audience spread across the nations of the globe, and radio programmes are just one of the earliest mass mediums that has passed the test of time in influencing large listenership. No societal issue is beyond deliberation on radio programmes and issues concerning drug abuse is not an exception. This mass communication project topic seeks to ascertain the effectiveness of radio programmes on drug abuse. But here is a preamble of some of the lifestyle shaping strategies of the mass media programmes.

What is drug abuse?
Drug abuse is indicative of excessive use of psychoactive drugs such as alcohol,  pain medications, or illicit drugs that can culminate to physical, social or emotional harm. Persons who are victims of drug abuse may suggest a need to escape  emotional distress, addiction, ignorance, habit,  peer pressure and similar cases.

The effectiveness of  radio programmes
Radio programmes as a form of mass media communication is very significant in the medium of information. First of all, radio is relatively more affordable in every home even in rural communities all they need to do is tune. Nowadays, radio is embedded in almost every mobile phone. This doubles radio as an effective tool in reaching a wide audience.

Secondly, there is something called cognitive consistency in communication. What this means is that there is a relationship between what people are consistently exposed to and how they behave or react to such exposure. In context, users who are consistently exposed to radio programmes kicking against drug abuse are bound to see a positive change over time.

Radio programmes as a form of mass communication informs, educates and shapes the perception of users. This means also that radio programmes can be used to facilitate advertisements and campaigns against drug abuse.

In summary, radio programmes are effective tools in the hands of the mass media. However, by this project topic, we will ascertain how effective it is on drug abuse related issues.

Editor's source
 

There is no doubt that information communication technology, ICT, is having its way into our everyday affairs. No day passes without using an ICT embedded device or facility like in schools, religious gatherings, in business, at work and hospitals to say the least. So far, the ICT has graduated from the adoption stage and now on the implementation or utilization stage. It is on this awareness that this research project topic looks deeply into the adoption and utilization of ICT in Nigerian hospitals. While I let you check that out, we have discussed a little about how ICT based facilities can help hospitals generally.

ICT adoption in hospitals
While the research outcome of the project leaves us with the level of adoption of ICT in Nigerian hospitals, it is safe to state that the health care facilities have grown overtime from the use of paper-based information systems to Internet-based information systems. However similar cases that have recorded bad practices are still in vogue, so how do we explain that.

I'm talking about situations where patients visit the same hospital over time and they don't seem to have a comprehensive record of that patient's health history. Talking about cases where patients have to join long queues just confirm their card information in another department of the same hospital. Technology has made it easy for health care providers and patients alike but the adoption is lagging.

Use cases of ICT in Nigeria Hospitals

The use cases of ICT in Nigerian hospitals are too numerical, to say the list. To mention a few includes:-
Data collection and record keeping
For book hospital appointments
For prescriptions and diagnosis
To establish interoperability between health departments and other health care service providers
To enhance continuity

The adoption and utilization of ICT really helps to -:
Increases efficiency in health care services
Improve the quality of services
Minimize cost relatively
Foster continuity using smart information management system

Editor's source


 

Key talking points

The role of mass media in information dissemination
Crisis resolution
Controversies associated with mass media and crisis news

Introduction
The mass media have been pivotal in information dissemination generally. Over time, we have seen the mass media expand their information channel to spread across newspapers, television, radio, and social media. The conventional social media which permits user generated content has overtime become news sources for the mainstream media.

This research project's topic considers the role of mass media in crisis resolution in Nigeria. While we recommend your consideration, here is a brush through on the role of the mass media in information dissemination, what crisis resolution is all about and the controversies associated with mass media crisis reportage.

The role of mass media in information dissemination.
The Mass media are mainstream information sources, to say the least. To tag any information credible, is to hear from the Mass media themselves. This is because information from this source is considered verified and valid.

The role of mass media as an information dissemination source includes shaping perceptions,  have a larger reach, and serve as a major information source.

Crisis and crisis resolution
Crisis is a period of strong and intense situations affecting an individual or a group enforcing negative changes to their environment, lifestyle or health especially with little or no warning. Crisis is often accompanied with fear and uncertainty.

Crisis resolution are strategic measures put in place either short-term or long-term,  to manage crisis and keep it at bay.

Controversies associated with mass media and crisis resolution reportage
The mass media plays significant roles in crisis resolution and management especially in building condolence and correction of mis perceptions. However there are handy controversies associated with their activities.

Firstly, there are as many media stations as the number of reports and news angles. Most times, there exist significant differences in news reports that either confirm or discredit each other.

Secondly the activities of the mass media sometimes can fuel crises rather than minimize its impact.

For more on the role of mass media crisis resolution refer to the page web page below

Editor's source.

Key talking points

What is vocational education about?
Major areas where vocational education apply
Need for vocational education


Introduction

Vocational education are skills sets meant to be acquired for physical, mental, psychological, social and economic development. This form of education can be acquired formally through school or informally through a traditional system of education. However, there are mechanics considered effective by Vocational technical educators. These mechanics are duly researched and detailed in this student's project topic. However, The key talking points is to give a preamble of the research work.

What is vocational education about?
Vocational education is the sort of education that is skill-specific. Students of vocational education aim to acquire skills in skill-specific areas such as trades, arts and craft. Formally, vocational education can span from three to four years, otherwise, it could take over six years to.

Vocational does not seem like a professional career in the educational sense but graduates of vocational education become experts, thought leaders and professionals in their field. You could see entrepreneurs, self-employed and employers of labor.

Major areas where vocational education apply
Technically there are two major areas where vocational education apply, and it includes
The formal educational system
The traditional education system
 
The formal vocational education system trains students in the classroom, or say in a predictable and formal educational environment. Here students are given guidelines and also acquire skills for their vocation of choice.

The traditional vocational education system admits trainees as apprentices. They enroll for a period of apprenticeship wherein they are exposed to real life situations throughout the period of training. The graduation of students in this system, unlike the formal educational sector, empowers trainees with financial and material resources to start on their own. Interesting enough, this system also guarantees continuity in this form of vocational education.

Need for vocational education
Vocational education is really necessary as it contributes to solving social and economic problems. Keeping  young people constantly engaged minimizes the chances of rampant social vices.

Secondly, vocational education enables skilled laborers to participate actively in contemporary economic activities.

Editor's source

The interest rate and the economy of any nation share a relationship that is most likely symbiotic technically. The increase or decrease in interest rate impacts the economy positively or negatively including housing Finance. Housing Finance is an essential aspect of measuring economic growth as a number of factors rely so much on the housing and population and migration both in rural and urban communities. This research project topic delves deeper into the impact of interest rate on housing Finance in Nigeria. Meanwhile, let’s do a quick run-through of what interest interest rate means and what relationship it shares with housing finance.

What is interest rate?
Interest rate is an amount a lender charges a borrower for a loaned asset. The interest rate is often charged in percentages - technically a percentage of the total amount loaned.

Housing Finance in Nigeria

Housing finance is used to describe financial resources, other than that of the individual, that are made available to finance land purchases, building construction and housing.

Housing Finance in Nigeria is very important as long population and migration and urbanization is concerned. In Nigeria,  factors related to population growth,  unemployment,  rural-urban migration are contributory elements to urbanization growth and the need for housing Finance.

According to a report dated (2016) by the World Bank Group, when housing increases especially when it is to the reach of low income earners, it stimulates job creation and this is grossly associated with economic development.

The relationship between interest rate and housing Finance

Interest rate is determined by a number of factors and one of those is the state of the economy.  When the interest rate increases,  it discourages borrowing and fuels savings. But when the interest rate is reduced,  it encourages borrowing and investments boom but not without a downside in the long run, like inflation.

Interest rate reduction stimulates housing Finance, it makes mortgage loans very accessible compared to when Interest rates are high. With low interest rates housing production increases and so does access to residential lands, effective land administration,  legal protection, house availability at low market prices

In summary,  interest rate is a major stimulant of housing Finance. But the in-depth understanding of how this works is available in this research project.

Editor's source

Overview

Proper waste management is a necessary practice for environmental sustainability. Having a social, environmental and economic implication, waste management seems to share a relationship with profitability - this we are yet to find out in this research material for students.

Whats is waste management
Waste management includes activities surrounding the disposal, treatment, recycling and re-usability of waste resources. Proper disposal of waste is environmentally safe as it guards against harm and outbreak. However, proper waste management is a function of responsible social behavior, economic feasibility and environmental sustainability. This brings in the responsibility of citizens, industries, and public administrators into consideration in this regard.

Why Waste management
The European directives on waste management encourage reuse, recycling, and conversion of waste resources into other forms. However, the environmental sustainability and profitability of this recommendation has remained cloudy. Meanwhile, there really good reasons for proper waste management, and they include;

To protect the environment
Conservation of natural resources
To prevent disease outbreak
Prevents erosion and environmental hazards
To manage environmental pollution
It enhances resource re-usability
Helps maintain environmental sustainability

The saying that”health is wealth” is nothing short of how proactive measures to remain healthy can save the cost of treatment when one is ill. Man and his environment share a symbiotic relationship which makes waste management a collective responsibility. Waste management has environmental and economic benefits for citizens, industries and government at large.

Therefore, this research material seeks to examine the correlation between waste management  and profitability. It also seeks to ascertain whether the profitability of waste management is of best practice.

Summary
Waste management is a necessary practice for environmental sustainability, but the use of waste resources for profitability requires cross-examination. This project takes into account the correlation between waste management and profitability and whether it is of best practice.

Editor's Source

Sex is a biological phenomenon that is meant to occur between two adult. This makes sex education an important global public health issue. This project topic is health and sex education department is geared towards the assessment of parental attitudes towards the teaching of sex education in secondary schools. While I let you check that research details out yourself,  lets us highlight the circumstances surrounding sex education in secondary schools putting the students' age bracket into consideration.

What is Sex Education?
Sex education is the kind of education that is geared towards improving the sex related knowledge, attitude, lifestyle, choices, and behaviors. Sex education is applicable in schools, secondary school most especially to groom young people in their puberty and adolescent ages  of better ways to make positive health and sex life choices.

There are several ways to transfer this knowledge to students and some include but not limited to; developing students decision making skills, through health information and creating experiences.

Why is sex education important?
As an important, global public health issue, sex education is important to inform students about a safe sex life, about how much freedom they have to decide when, how and if they want to engage in it and how often.

Adolescence is the good time to help students build a great healthy sex lifestyle. Some of the topical issues discussed under sex education include puberty, pregnancy, use of contraceptives, sex abuse and violence, premarital sex, unsafe abortion, child birth complications especially for the girl child and others.

Sex is a reality that must be faced squarely and its education is highly acknowledged globally because
It makes for safer sex practices and lifestyle
Provide access to high quality Sex related health services
Promotes safe life
Promotes a productive lifestyle
Help young people engage less in unprotected sex
Limits teenage pregnancy
Limits the potential to have multiple sex partners
Drives delayed in segxwal initiation

Ending note
Sex education is acknowledged globally as it is very necessary for child growth and development. However for the sake of this project topic, an assessment of parental attitude towards sex education teaching in secondary schools has to be done. EDITOR's SOURCE

The environment is one of the greatest gifts of nature that can be used to attain a life of comfort. But a wrong approach to it's usage can cause more harm than good. This is the case with the construction of a drainage system. A well constructed drainage system makes for a motorable and more accessible environment but a badly constructed one is a mess to the environment. Running with this, the project topic,  citing the implication of poor construction of drainage system on the environment comes to bare.

According to environmental scientists, Thomas and Dede 2002, "the basic underlying purpose of any drainage system is to keep people from water, to keep water from people and to protect and enhance the environment while doing so". In their opinion, the the fundamental function of a good drainage system is to harmonize the relationship between human activities with water so as to keep the environment friendly.

What constitutes and good drainage system?
Before a good road network is constructed, there must be a well constructed drainage system in place so that water logging does not disrupt the road pavement. And so for a good drainage system to be worth its name, it should constitute the following;

Side drains
Longitude slopes

These are very necessary to;
Prevent flooding and ponding on the main road surface
Protect the bearing capacity of the pavement
Avoid erosion of side slope

Visible implications of bad drainage system
Increase in moisture content on road pavements
Water logging in wrong areas
Decrease in soil strength
Wave formation
Stripping bitumen
Frost action
Edge cutting

The implication of poor construction of drainage systems is the drive for this project topic, and to get the actual answer, it requires empirical research. EDITOR's POST

The impact of training and development in organizational productivity  should not even be overemphasized because it is an integral part of organizational development. The fate of any organization is in the hands of its work force, what you make out of them becomes evident in the organizational productivity. This Business education project topic is has an intent to identify unique impact of training and development in organizational productivity through detailed research. But on a lighter note, do can make out of training and development?

The need for employee training and development arises when there is equally a need to improve job performance. The success or failure of any organization depends partly on the makeup of its labor force and the quality of output. Therefore engaging systematic process of human resource development including education, training and motivation is functional to achieve better output quality.

What does employee productivity mean?
Employee productivity is an assessment of a workers’ efficiency often evaluated through employees’ output within a period of time. So there is provision for training geared at improving employees’ productivity, growth is inevitable in the organization.

When employees engage in Jobs and their contributions are valued and supported, it fosters motivation and high performance.
 
Now why is training and development in organizations necessary
The list of possibilities to be explored with proper training in organizational setting is endless. Aside from fostering productivity it also;
Help prevent avoidable mistakes through proper training. Training and development breathes new life into old task, help the organization adopt new and smarter ways of becoming more efficient with tasks. Training the in-house employees and constantly retraining them is less expensive than constant employee turn-over or training new ones each season.

Training and development helps employees and the organization explore diverse career growth opportunities. EDITOR'S SOURCE

Nigeria as a country has several revenue generation streams just like other countries of the world. One of those sources of revenue is taxation. Taxation is an age long revenue source for government, infact it is one of the earliest forms of income to government. This accounting project topic seeks to critically evaluate taxation as a mechanism for revenue generation in Nigeria.

What is taxation?
Taxation is an imposition of compulsory levies on individuals, entities, goods and services by government in order to fund its expenditures. The taxes are often levied on products sales, import and export duties, properties, services, etc. Taxes are fundamental to raising funds for development purposes.

Before now, taxes were the earliest form of government revenue but they were not as many as they are now. Governments often levy taxes on import duties and less on domestic products. They levied what would be better explained now as overhead tax and the properties and gross sales. But nowadays, decisions on taxes are now at the mercy of parliamentary bodies.

Taxes in recent times now flow from import duties, income tax, labour tax, sales tax, Value added tax, consumption tax, payroll tax, corporate tax, property tax and lots more.

Purpose of tax mechanism in an economy

Generally speaking, taxes are levied to generate funds for governments. Although it differs with climes and government, the following are possible purposes for tax mechanism as a revenue generation source.
•   It helps to finance government and its projects.

•   Secondly, taxes  helps to manage resource allocation

•   Taxes help to manage income distribution. This means that it helps to reduce inequalities among citizens

•   Taxation is used to maintain economic stability. This means that government use taxes to maintain high employment rate, maintain price stability, manage dept, monetary policy, government expenditure policy through tax policies.

That was in a more general sense; this project topic however seeks to evaluate taxation as a mechanism for revenue generation In Nigeria. Editor's source

Entrepreneurship is a deliberate act to make wealth by creating value in the form of products, programmes and services. It is a way of taking advantage of existing opportunities as well as creating new opportunities. Entrepreneurship is an age long wealth creation strategy, it is easy to become independent, creating value than to rely on government jobs. As this project topic makes it clear, the advantages of entrepreneurship is already known but this project topic focuses on the role of entrepreneurship on economic development in Nigeria.

The Nigerian government dishes out empowerment incentives to support entrepreneurship and foster financial independence and create opportunities especially for young people. But entrepreneurship seems to be more than just empowering people with sewing machine and motorcycles. It is the ability to see opportunities and creating value from it. In more details, it requires you to identify opportunities and what need it will serve, decide which opportunity to secure, pool resources both human and material necessary to chase the dream, do risk analysis, and set the ball rolling.

To say the least, entrepreneurship is one of the easiest ways to escape unemployment and attain self-employment because one may need capital to start a business for example. Talk about vocations like fashionpreneurs, designers, programmers, makeup producers, logistics services and many other endeavors that people have found opportunities in.
   
Having a skill does not make you an entrepreneur, it is about identifying a problem which your skill can solve and solving that need. There are only few people who do that. A lot of people are into business i.e buying and selling but very few are into production and service. Entrepreneurship
has indeed impacted the economy but this project topic seeks to identify how.

This project topic does not include the benefit of foreign entrepreneurship; rather it focuses on the entrepreneurial effort of indigenes in the Nigeria economy.  Editor's source

School closure has yielded benefit in terms of curbing contact, spread and the effect of the pandemic. But logically speaking, having students at home doing nothing due to covid-19 has adverse effect on the economy in addition to other societal effects. This research project topic suggests that introducing new technologies in teaching and learning can ensure academic continuity, while also managing the risk of contacting the pandemic.
 
During the pandemic, if you can recall, schools, churches, marketplaces and all public gatherings and travelling were put on hold. But hunger grew more than over before because people could no longer fend for their families. So the rate of robbery, rape and other societal vices grew in their number putting the rich at risk and young people in danger. As recorded by UNESCO, over 166 countries closed schools and universities to limit the spread of the pandemic.

However, recommendations were made; very remarkable was one from NGOs like UNESCO suggesting that distance or remote learning programmes should be applied as well as open education system. This according to them will allow for continuity in the educational systems.

Researchers have studied the impact of remote or distance learning technologies. They found that it has lots of benefits for both the students and their teachers alike. When there are tech-based learning materials, it is easy to connect and learn.
 
Using new technologies in teaching and learning manages covid-19 associated risks and also ensures continuity in education. That seems to be a better way to improvise, save students from idleness and minimize divided attention especially on social vices.

Another suggestion from researchers is of the view that the use of new technologies in teaching and learning should be applied alongside physical classes. This, according to the researchers will minimize redundancy in the academic system especially in such situation as the pandemic.  Editor's source

It is often said that human beings learn by imitation; that is to say that what you see, hear and engage in has a way of shaping who you become. This age long myth is applicable to students’ learning habits and academic performance. The teachers’ quality and students’ academic performance in secondary schools have a lot in common that feeds into the students growth. However, this education project topic is not sure if it is actually teachers’ quality alone that affects the performance of students academically. Chances are that there may be other contributing factors which may be external.

Secondary school is a necessary tool for good youthful development.  Whatever students at that age bracket and level of education learn, feeds into their future a great deal. For example, much emphasis and importance is placed on the age-long West African Secondary School Certificate Examination not because students need it to finish up but because it has become a public standard and yardstick for future academic endeavors even for occupying public offices at the barest minimum.

To gain admission into any university, secondary school leavers must present at least a credit and passes in their course of choice and if that is missing, then there is a problem.
However, when students perform poorly academically, much attention is called to the quality of teachers. Many academic stakeholders including students, parents, ministries of education, principals, commissioners of education and all have a way of driving blames back at the teaching quality but we can’t be so sure if proper research is not done.

It is not entirely safe to conclude if actually the teachers’ quality affects students’ performance when proper research is not done; there could be other contributing factors. But the federal of Nigeria in the National policy of education in 2004 insists that no education system can rise above the quality of teachers in its system.

This situation and more, I guess feeds into the purpose of this education project topic. Editors source