A one-paragraph overview of any research work for undergraduates is what an abstract is. Abstracts are written before research defence. The abstract in a research enables readers to immediately comprehend the aim and important ideas of a work and informs your supervisor whether reading the complete work is worthwhile.
Why should you write an abstract?
Readers can make conclusions regarding your idea based on the abstract. Your sponsoring professor can use the abstract to determine how well your study is progressing. It is used by the conference organizer to determine whether your project meets the supervisor's criteria. Your abstract is used by the defence audience (teachers, administrators, colleagues, and presenters' families) to decide whether or not to grade you properly. All of these readers must be considered in your abstract.
How does an abstract appeal to such a large number of people?
This abstract's target audience is as broad as feasible, ranging from expert to layperson. You must strike a balance between creating an abstract that demonstrates your knowledge while still being understandable (with some effort) by lay members of the audience. Use as little technical jargon as possible and explain it as much as feasible. Before using an abbreviation, always use the complete term [DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs), for example]. Remember that you are an expert in the topic about which you are writing; don't assume that the reader will share your insider knowledge.
What information should be included in the abstract?
Consider your abstract to be a simplified summary of your entire project. The reader should comprehend the nature of your research question after reading it.
Although the content varies depending on the topic and topic, all abstracts, whether in the sciences or the humanities, should have the following information:
1. The purpose of the project identifying the area of study to which it belongs.
2. The research problem that motivates the project.
3. The methods used to address this research problem, documents or evidence analyzed.
4. The conclusions reached or, if the research is in progress, what the preliminary results of the investigation suggest, or what the research methods demonstrate.
5. The significance of the research project. Why are the results useful? What is new to our understanding as the result of your inquiry?
Whatever type of research you are conducting, your abstract should address the following questions for the reader: What do you want to know? What is the significance of this? How are you going to study it? What will you utilize to back up your claims? What are the implications of these findings? What do they imply?
Stylistics Considerations For Writing A Standard Abstract
The abstract should be one paragraph in length and should not exceed the word count. Edit it thoroughly to ensure that it adheres to the Four C's of abstract writing:
Complete - it covers all of the project's major components.
It is concise — there is no extraneous wordiness or content.
It's simple – it's readable, well-organized, and doesn't use a lot of jargon.
It is cohesive because it flows seamlessly between the sections.
The significance of clear language during abstract writing
Because all researchers hope that their work will be valuable to others, and because good scholarship is increasingly being used across disciplines, it is critical that the language of your abstracts be understandable to non-specialists. Simplify your vocabulary. Friends from another major will immediately notice what has to be clarified. Problem areas to look for include:
Remove all jargon. Displaying your technical vocabulary will not convey the worth of your research. If a technical term must be used, include a non-technical equivalent to assist a non-specialist in deducing the term's meaning.
Remove unnecessary words such as superfluous modifiers, pompous diction, and excessive description.
Avoid linking together nouns (make the relationship clear with prepositions).
Remove phrases like "it is my opinion that," "I have decided," "the key issue supporting my position concerns," or "surely there is little dispute as to..." Concentrate entirely on what the reader needs to know.
Below is an example of a standard Abstract
Project Topic: The Role Of Print Media In Nigeria National Development (A Study Of Selected Residence At Ikeja, Lagos)
Abstract
This study was intended to evaluate the role of print media in Nigeria National development. This study was guided by the following objectives; to examine the role of print of media in Nigeria national development, to examine the influence of the Nigerian print media on national development, to examine the extent print media plays impact on Nigeria Development, to examine the challenges of print media on Nigeria national development, to examine the relationship between print media and Nigeria national development and to proffer solutions to the challenges facing print media in Nigeria National development . The study employed the descriptive design; questionnaires in addition to library research were applied in order to collect data. Primary and secondary data sources were used and data was analyzed using the correlation statistical tool at 5% level of significance which was presented in frequency tables and percentages. The respondents under the study were 100 residents of selected areas in Ikeja, Lagos State. The study majorly focuses on the role of print media in Nigeria National development. The study findings revealed that there is a significant impact of print media on Nigeria national development; based on the findings from the study, there is a significant relationship between print media and Nigeria national development. The study concludes that the challenges of development communication in Nigeria are robbing off the dividends of development journalism and insists that the challenges must be addressed urgently using the right approaches to usher in the fabulous future. The discourse recommends among other things the centrality of the print media in pursuit of development agenda and the reinvention of the Nigeria media to be development oriented in posture, content and mission to engender national development in Nigeria.
EDITORS SOURCE : Research Materials For Undergraduates
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